Down Payment Assistance Programs: How Do They Work To Help You Become A Homeowner
Buying a home is no easy feat. You usually have to put money down equal to a percentage of the final purchase price, or your down payment. Having this upfront cash on hand may not be easy for everyone. In fact, it's one of the major hurdles when buying a home. This is why down payment assistance programs are available to qualifying home buyers. Here's a quick guide that will explain what a down payment assistance program is, how it works, and what are the different options that exist to help you reach your goal of owning a home. Down payment assistance (DPA) is any type of program designed to help home buyers afford a down payment. Some programs also help lower or cover your closing costs. There are thousands of DPA programs available across the country, and the majority of them are offered at state, county, and city levels, and even through some banks and lenders. Down payment assistance is typically geared toward first-time home buyers, but there can also be assistance available for repeat home buyers. These programs typically have eligibility requirements and borrowers usually have to take out a mortgage with a participating lender to take advantage of their assistance program. The funds often come from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, or HUD, as well as employers, community organizations, and state and local governments. Any type of down payment assistance is likely to have certain qualifications. The majority of these programs are geared toward first-time home buyers. A first-time homebuyer is someone who hasn't ever owned a home or hasn’t owned a home in the past three years.Beyond that, other typical requirements include a minimum credit score of 620, a low-to-moderate household income, and a debt-to-income ratio. Do take note that these requirements vary from program to program. Likewise, many DPA programs also require the following:You must live in a certain city or countyYou must purchase a primary residence, not an investment or rental propertyYou must attend a first-time home buyer class or financial literacy classesPurchase a single-family home, condo, or a townhouseYou must be in a public service profession, such as a teacher, firefighter, police officer, emergency responder, active-duty service member, or other public servant.Qualify for a 30-year, fixed-rate first mortgage to buy the home. Down payment assistance comes in three main types: loans, grants, and credits, each with its pros and cons. Here are some of the most common:GrantsHome buyer grants are the most popular and most valuable form of down payment assistance. This is because it provides homeowners the money that they never have to repay since it's considered a gift. If you qualify, you can use the cash sum to cover all or part of the down payment or closing costs. However, most grant programs are often more difficult to qualify for due to challenging requirements, such as that you need to live in the home as your primary residence for a certain number of years after your purchase. It’s also important to keep in mind that some programs labeled as grants by the organization providing the funding may create a second lien on your home. Just make sure that you know what you’re getting into and that your lender is aware of the grant. Forgivable loansA forgivable loan is technically a second mortgage large enough to cover the down payment, but it acts as a grant since you don’t have to repay the loan if you meet certain requirements. For example, a program might forgive the loan if you live in the home and pay the primary mortgage for a set amount of time, typically anywhere from three to 10 years. However, if you move, refinance your mortgage, or sell your home before the loan is forgiven, you’ll need to pay it back. Forgivable loans have an interest rate of 0%.Deferred payment loansA deferred payment loan most often takes the form of a no-interest second mortgage that typically covers the cost of the down payment. But unlike forgivable loans, you will have to pay back the loan at some point. This happens when you sell the home, refinance your mortgage, or pay off your first mortgage.Low-interest loansThis type of down payment assistance also functions as a second mortgage but with a lower or more affordable interest rate than your first loan. Along with making monthly payments for your primary mortgage, you’ll likely need to repay this loan in installments, typically over a few years. This means you’ll be making two monthly mortgage payments.Individual Development Accounts or matched savings programsAlso called a matched savings program, an Individual Development Account (IDA) is a unique type of down payment assistance. It’s a special savings account that home buyers deposit money into, which is matched by either a bank, government agency, or community organization. For example, if you put $5,000 into the account, the agency you’re working with would match that amount, making it $10,000. The total funds can then be used to help cover their down payment or other qualifying costs. These programs often have strict requirements to qualify, such as income restrictions, and employment requirements, and participants usually need to complete financial literacy training. There are many ways to find down payment assistance. Here's where to start:You can check the HUD website for local home-buying programs at the state level. You can also check for HUD-approved housing counselors in your area.Contact your state’s HFA or visit its website to learn about your own DPA options, as every state runs an HFA that helps homeowners and renters.Check your city or county website to see if they offer any grants or loan programs.States and some larger cities have housing finance agencies, which can be great resources for state-supported programs.Municipalities often have housing support programs in one form or another, regardless of whether they do so through a housing finance agency or otherwise.Nonprofits focused on housing also are good places to look for grants and other forms of down payment assistance.Look for down payment assistance programs for specific groups. There are programs for people who work in particular occupations, such as the Teacher Next Door program. There are also programs available for other public service professionals.Your real estate agent and mortgage lender can also be great resources when looking for an assistance program. Just don’t forget to find out if your lender works with the specific down payment assistance program.Private company Down Payment Resource also provides various resources for homebuyers, real estate agents, and lenders, including an eligibility and assistance lookup tool. Understand that down payment assistance varies from state to local levels, so the amount of time it takes to get one mainly depends on the program and the type of assistance. While the timeline varies, you can expect that it will be a relatively long process.If you're considering applying for a down payment assistance program, you may want to start looking for your options before you start your home search. This is so you can give yourself plenty of time. If you’re required to take a first-time home buyer course or a financial literacy course, you can still complete it within the dedicated timeframe.
Breaking Into the Market: Smart Moves for First-Time Buyers
If you’re like a lot of aspiring homebuyers, there’s a major hurdle standing in your way — the cost of living. From groceries to gas, eggs, and just about everything else, prices have gone up. And that rings true for home prices, too.But even when everything feels expensive, there are still ways to make homeownership more than an item on your wish list. You may just need to think about where you plan to buy a bit differently.Think of Your First Home as a Stepping Stone One of the biggest misconceptions among buyers is that their first home has to be their forever home – or that it has to check all the boxes of what they want right out of the gate. In reality, it’s just a starting point.Once you own a home, you start to build equity, which grows over time as home prices rise. Down the road, if you want to move — whether to a larger space, a better location, or both — the equity you’ve gained can help you do just that.So rather than waiting until you can afford your dream home in your ideal neighborhood, consider starting with something that works for now.Expand Your Search To Find More Affordable Options If high home prices in your favorite area are holding you back, it’s time to cast a wider net. By keeping an open mind and being flexible with location, you may be surprised at what’s possible within your budget. Many buyers find success by looking in surrounding areas – and some even choose to move out of state.According to a report from Realtor.com, these are some of the best markets for first-time homebuyers this year (see chart below):Of course, moving to a different state isn’t for everyone – and isn’t a necessity. The right agent can help you find more cost-effective options wherever you are. If you want to stay local, looking just outside your preferred neighborhood could help you find something you can afford that’s still pretty close to your favorite restaurants, shops, and activities. Sometimes, moving as little as 10 minutes away makes a big difference.And the best way to see what’s available is to work with a real estate agent who understands the local market and can help you identify hidden gems nearby. An agent can point you to communities you may not have considered that have lower price tags now and are steadily gaining value and appeal. That way you can buy your first home and be set up to gain equity through the years.Bottom LineToday’s cost of living is a challenge for many homebuyers. But by exploring different areas and working with a knowledgeable agent, you can take that first step toward owning a home — and building equity for your future. How far outside of your area would you look to make homeownership happen? Connect with a local agent to chat through your options.
A Record Percent of Buyers Are Planning To Move in 2025 – Are You?
This could be the year to sell your house – and here’s why. According to a recent NerdWallet survey, 15% of people are planning to buy a home this year. That’s actually a record high for this survey (see graph below):Here's why this is such a big deal. The percentage has been hovering between 9-11% since 2020. This recent increase shows buyer demand hasn’t disappeared – if anything, it indicates there’s pent-up demand ready to come back to the market.That doesn’t mean the floodgates are opening and that there’s going to be a huge wave of buyers like we saw a few years ago. But this does signal there’ll be more activity this year than last.At least some of the buyers who put their plans on hold over the past few years will jump back in. Whether they’re feeling more confident about moving, they’ve finally saved up enough to buy, or they simply can’t wait any longer – this is the year they’re aiming to take the plunge.And, according to that same NerdWallet survey, more than half (54%) of those potential buyers have already started looking at homes online.That’s a good indicator that a number of these buyers will be looking during the peak homebuying season this spring. So, if you find the right agent to make sure your house is prepped, priced, and marketed well, you can get your house in front of them.Bottom LineMore people are going to move this year and with the right strategy, you can make sure your house is one of the first they look at.What do you think these buyers will love most about your house? Connect with an agent to talk it over and make sure it’s front and center in your listing.
Home Price Growth Is Moderating – Here’s Why That’s Good for You
Over the past few years, home prices skyrocketed. That’s been frustrating for buyers, leaving many wondering if they’d ever get a shot at owning a home. But here’s some welcome news: that whirlwind pace of home price growth is slowing down.Home Prices Are Rising at a Healthy PaceAt the national level, home prices are still going up, but at a much more moderate, normal pace. For example, in November, the year-over-year increase in home prices was just 3.8% nationally, according to Case-Shiller. That’s a far cry from the double-digit spikes that occurred in 2021 and 2022 (see graph below):This more normal home price growth might make buying a home feel more attainable for many buyers. You won’t face the same sticker shock or rapid price jumps that made it hard to plan your purchase just a few years ago.At the same time, steady growth means the home you buy today will likely appreciate in value over time.Prices Vary from Market to MarketWhile the national story is one of moderate price growth, it’s important to remember that all real estate is local. Some markets are seeing stronger growth, while others are cooling off or even seeing slight declines. As Selma Hepp, Chief Economist at CoreLogic, notes:“Regionally, variations persist, as some affordable areas – including smaller metros in the Midwest — remain in high demand and continue to see upward home price pressures.”Meanwhile, other regions saw slight month-over-month declines in November, according to Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) data (see graph below):What does this mean for you? It’s crucial to understand what’s happening in your local market. A national average can’t tell the whole story. That’s where working with a local real estate agent can really help. They have the tools and expertise to give you the full picture of what’s happening in your area and how to plan for that in your move.Bottom LineHome prices are growing at a more manageable pace, and working with a local real estate agent can help you navigate the ups and downs of your specific market.How have changing home prices impacted your plans to buy?
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